chlamydomonas reinhardtii common name

THE mating-type (MT) locus of the haploid green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, located 30 cM from the centromere of linkage group (chromosome) VI, is involved in generating mating-type plus or minus gametic phenotypes in response to nitrogen starvation (G oodenough et al. PCR reactions (40 μl) contained the end-labeled DNA, 200 μM of dNTPs, primers at 0.5 μM for oT1090 and 0.75 μM for 169M, 1× Taq Mg-free buffer (NEB), and 2.5 U of standard Taq polymerase (NEB). The PCR conditions were as follows: 94°C 3 min; 32 cycles of 94°C 20 s, 60°C 40 s, and 68°C 20 s; and 68°C 5 min. For PETRA and hairpin assays, gDNA was extracted using the CTAB method as described in Borevitz et al (2003). Aqueous phase was precipitated by adding 42 μl of 3 M NaOAc and 840 μl of 96% ethanol. Chlamydomonas is used as a model organism for molecular biology, especially studies of flagellar motility and chloroplast dynamics, biogenesis, and genetics. We do not capture any email address. PETRA membrane was also hybridized with [32P]ATP-labeled 1-kb ladder (Thermo Fisher Scientific). S Eberhard: conceptualization, formal analysis, supervision, investigation, methodology, and writing—original draft, review, and editing. After centrifugation, the integrity of nuclei (1–5 μl) was checked by fluorescent microscopy using DAPI/vectashield (5 μl) staining. S Bujaldon: formal analysis, investigation, and writing—review and editing. The GCM software was run by the author to fit three baramins (figure 2). DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900315, Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address. Figure 2. 1995).The mt + and mt − versions of this locus segregate 2:2 at meiosis, but early genetic analysis documented … The samples were incubated 3 min at room temperature, and reactions were stopped by adding 110 μl of STOP buffer (1% SDS and 50 mM EDTA). Both strains were maintained on TAP agar plates or in liquid shake flasks at 25 °C with 100–150 µmol photons/m 2 /s of continuous white light. Triton X-100 was first diluted in 10 ml of buffer A per liter of culture and subsequently added drop wise to the cells while swirling them gently, to a final concentration of 0.5%. Get Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii essential facts below. Nuclei were resuspended in buffer B (2.5% Ficoll 400, 0.5 M sorbitol, 0.008% spermidine, 50% glycerol, and 1 mM DTT), using 1–2 ml per 200 ml of original culture volume. The end-labeled telomeres were then amplified with the primers 169M (poly-G–containing primer) and oT1090 targeting the subtelomere/telomere junction common to 10 telomeres of eight chromosomes (Table S1). For primer extension by the Φ29 polymerase, we used the C. reinhardtii–specific PETRA-T oligonucleotide 5′-CTCTAGACTGTGAGACTTGGACTACCCTAAAACCCT-3′ (Table S1). The pellet was washed with 70% ethanol, dried, and resuspended in 25 μl H2O. Algae in this genus have a cell wall, a chloroplast, an "eye" that perceives light, and two anterior flagella with which they can swim using a breast-stroke type motion. Plasmids were Sanger-sequenced with the M13-PU primer (Eurofins Genomics). We thank Erin Henninger for her help in setting up the in-gel experiment. Published 3 June 2019. Telomere length of individual chromosomes was determined by Primer Extension Telomere Repeat Amplification (PETRA) as previously described (Watson et al, 2016). For sequencing, PCR products were ligated for 1 h at 16°C in a pDrive plasmid. For loading controls, the gel was then transferred in denaturing conditions on a charged nylon membrane and hybridized again with the same probes. The number of meiospores per zygospore are 8 in C. reinhardtii or 16-32 in C. inter-media (Fig,13 A-D, 14, 15). Related to, PCR verification of insertion mutants tel-m1 and tel-m2. This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. End labeling reactions (total volume 6 μl) contained 100 ng of bulk gDNA, 1× New England Biolabs restriction buffer 4, dCTP 100 μM, and 1 unit of terminal transferase (New England Biolabs, NEB) and was carried out at 37°C during 30 min, then 65°C during 10 min, and 94°C during 5 min. Alternative splicing; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; Diurnal cell cycle; Alternative splicing (AS) is a ubiquitous process that occurs in most known eukaryotes (Irimia et al. Bulk gDNA was denatured at 95°C during 5 min. 2 μg of gDNA was digested in 300 μl with a cocktail of six restriction enzymes (PstI, BamHI, MnlI, FokI, TaqI, and MspI; 20 units each). The CHSB Chlamydomonas telomere-specific oligonucleotide probe (Fulneckova et al, 2013) (5′-GTTTTAGGGTTTTAGGGTTTTAGGGTTTTAG-3′, Table S1) was 32P-labeled at the 5′ terminus with ATP (γ-32P) by the T4 polynucleotide kinase (New England Biolabs). It is widely used for biotechnological applications as well as to study fundamental processes, such as photosynthesis and cilia structure and function (Harris, 2001; Sasso et al, 2018). K Riha: conceptualization, formal analysis, supervision, and writing—review and editing. Scientific name: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Common name(s): Green algae Name as shown in Phylogenes: C. reinhardtii Ploidy: Haploid Description:. In brief, the membrane was prehybridized at 42°C in Rapid-hyb buffer for 1 h, then the radioactive probe (20 pmol) was added, and the incubation was continued for 1 h. The membrane was washed consecutively with 5× SSC, 0.5% SDS (42°C for 10 min); 5× SSC, 0.1% SDS (42°C for 20 min); and 1× SSC, 0.1% SDS (25°C for 30 min). For storage, nuclei were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C. Bacteria were plated on LB + ampicillin (100 μg/ml) + IPTG (50 μM) + X-gal (80 μg/ml) medium overnight at 37°C. The hairpin assay for detecting blunt-ended telomeres was performed as previously described (Kazda et al, 2012). Chlamydomonas as a Model Organism. Chlamydomonas species can become so abundant as to colour fresh water green, and one species, C. nivalis, contains a red pigment known as hematochrome, which sometimes imparts a red colour to melting snow. © 2020 Life Science Alliance LLC. Each zoospore contains neuro-motor apparatus, eye spot, two flagella and contractile vacuoles. It is also an emerging model for studying sensory cilia, the production of high-value bioproducts, and in situ structural determination. Despite UV-C sharing these effects with UV-A/B but at much lower dosages, UV-C sensing and signal mechanisms are still mostly unknown. Life Science Alliance is registered as a trademark in the U.S. Patent and Trade Mark Office and in the European Union Intellectual Property Office. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a single-celled green alga found in temperate soil habitats (Figure 1). Nuclear fraction was prepared from cell wall–mutant CC4350+. These algae are found all over the world, in soil, fresh water, oceans, and even in snow on mountaintops. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. It has proven to be such a powerful model for dissecting fundamental processes in biology that investigators have dubbed it the 'green yeast' (Goodenough, 1992; Rochaix, 1995). Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7141, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Biologie du Chloroplaste et Perception de la Lumière chez les Micro-algues, Paris, France, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Paris, France, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7238, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, Paris, France. 6× loading dye (6 μl) was added prior loading onto 1.5% agarose gel. This work was supported by the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR) grant “AlgaTelo” (ANR-17-CE20-0002-01) to Z Xu, la Fondation de la Recherche Médicale (MTT “équipe labellisée”) and the ANR grant “InTelo” (ANR-16-CE12-0026) to MT Teixeira, the “Initiative d’Excellence” program from the French State (Grant “DYNAMO,” ANR-11-LABX-0011), and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, European Regional Development Fund-Project “REMAP” (No. Samples were then run in a 1× Tris-borate EDTA (TBE) 0.75% agarose gel in 1× TBE buffer for 18 h at 20 V. The gel was then dried and hybridized overnight at 37°C with radioactively labeled probes (oT0958, G-probe and oT0959, C-probe, Table S1) in hybridization buffer (5× SSC, 5 μM inorganic pyrophosphate, 1 mM Na2HPO4, 5× Denhardt’s solution, 40 nM ATP, and 20 μg/ml salmon sperm DNA). The unicellular soil-freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was found to secrete substances that mimic the activity of the N -acyl-l-homoserine lactone (AHL) signal molecules used by many bacteria for quorum sensing regulation of gene expression. Table S1 Primers used for telomere PCR, PETRA, hairpin assay, and PCR verification of CliP mutants. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells, growing synchronously under a repeating 12 h light:12 h dark cycle, were used to investigate the synthesis and regulation of chloroplast proteins. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ... Upload media Wikipedia Wikispecies: Instance of: taxon, model organism: Common name; Related to, Vast differences in telomere length distributions in, Multimodal and very long telomeres in strains CC503+ and cw15.J14+ correspond to terminal DNA fragments. The names of the major carotenoids present in C. reinhardtii are in bold. Chlamydomonas reinhardtiistrains CC1021 (referred to by its more common name 2137 in this article), 17D−(wild type in the 137c background), CC400, and CC425 were used in this study. The carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. Pigments in brackets have not yet been observed in C. reinhardtii. Related to, Telomere length and senescence phenotype of, Genome stability in Arabidopsis cells exhibiting alternative lengthening of telomeres, Expansion of interstitial telomeric sequences in yeast, Tel1 kinase and subtelomere-bound Tbf1 mediate preferential elongation of short telomeres by telomerase in yeast, Telomere elongation chooses TERRA ALTernatives, A genome-wide screen for Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion mutants that affect telomere length, Human intrachromosomal telomeric-like repeats: Sequence organization and mechanisms of origin, Large-scale identification of single-feature polymorphisms in complex genomes, Pinning down loose ends: Mapping telomeres and factors affecting their length, Alternative lengthening of telomeres: Models, mechanisms and implications, Genome-wide analysis to identify pathways affecting telomere-initiated senescence in budding yeast, Nucleosome positioning, nucleosome spacing and the nucleosome code, Accelerated telomere shortening in response to life stress, The dynamin-like protein Fzl promotes thylakoid fusion and resistance to light stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Telomerase-dependent repeat divergence at the 3’ ends of yeast telomeres, If the cap fits, wear it: An overview of telomeric structures over evolution, Genetic architecture of natural variation of telomere length in Arabidopsis thaliana, Dynamic evolution of telomeric sequences in the green algal order Chlamydomonadales, A broad phylogenetic survey unveils the diversity and evolution of telomeres in eukaryotes, Transitions between the Arabidopsis-type and the human-type telomere sequence in green algae (clade Caudivolvoxa, Chlamydomonadales), Chlamydomonas genome resource for laboratory strains reveals a mosaic of sequence variation, identifies true strain histories, and enables strain-specific studies, Distribution of short interstitial telomere motifs in two plant genomes: Putative origin and function, Telomere length as a quantitative trait: Genome-wide survey and genetic mapping of telomere length-control genes in yeast, CST meets shelterin to keep telomeres in check, TeloTool: A new tool for telomere length measurement from terminal restriction fragment analysis with improved probe intensity correction, Fission yeast telosomes: Non-canonical histone-containing chromatin structures dependent on shelterin and RNA, Extensive restriction fragment length polymorphisms in a new isolate of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Isolation of a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii telomere by functional complementation in yeast, Telomeres shorten during ageing of human fibroblasts, The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook (Second Edition), Molecular analysis of telomere fusions in Arabidopsis: Multiple pathways for chromosome end-joining, Gbp1p: A protein with RNA recognition motifs, binds single-stranded telomeric DNA and changes its binding specificity upon dimerization, Chromosome end protection by blunt-ended telomeres, Telomerase and telomere-associated proteins: Structural insights into mechanism and evolution, An indexed, mapped mutant library enables reverse genetics studies of biological processes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Three Ever Shorter Telomere (EST) genes are dispensable for in vitro yeast telomerase activity, Reverse transcriptase motifs in the catalytic subunit of telomerase, Segregating YKU80 and TLC1 alleles underlying natural variation in telomere properties in wild yeast, Analysis of chromatin structure in the control regions of the chlamydomonas HSP70A and RBCS2 genes, An alternative pathway for yeast telomere maintenance rescues est1- senescence, A mutant with a defect in telomere elongation leads to senescence in yeast, Nuclear-receptor-mediated telomere insertion leads to genome instability in ALT cancers, The Chlamydomonas genome reveals the evolution of key animal and plant functions, Distribution of non-telomeric sites of the (TTAGGG)n telomeric sequence in vertebrate chromosomes, Cell populations can use aneuploidy to survive telomerase insufficiency, Aneuploidy as a mechanism of adaptation to telomerase insufficiency, Telomerase catalytic subunit homologs from fission yeast and human, Molecular cloning and characterization of AtTERT, a telomerase reverse transcriptase homolog in Arabidopsis thaliana, How shelterin protects mammalian telomeres, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii telomere repeats form unstable structures involving guanine-guanine base pairs, A Chlamydomonas protein that binds single-stranded G-strand telomere DNA, Chlamydomonas telomere sequences are A+T-rich but contain three consecutive G-C basepairs, Replication of telomeres and the regulation of telomerase, Rap1 relocalization contributes to the chromatin-mediated gene expression profile and pace of cell senescence, Uncoupling of longevity and telomere length in C. elegans, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as the photosynthetic yeast, Environmental stresses disrupt telomere length homeostasis, From molecular manipulation of domesticated Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to survival in nature, Establishing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as an industrial biotechnology host, Chlamydomonas as a model for biofuels and bio-products production, Length regulation and dynamics of individual telomere tracts in wild-type Arabidopsis, Cancer. The single celled organism has one chloroplast and moves via an anterior … Scientific name: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Dangeard : Synonym: Chlamydomonas morieri Dangeard 1888; Chlamydomonas pseudodebaryana Brabez 1941 : Former name : Common name Green alga Locality (Date of collection) near Amherst Massachusetts USA : Latitude / Longitude : Habitat (Isolation source) History: IAM (2007) Mihara, S. (1991) This article is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution 4.0 International, as described at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Terminal (leaf) node. Simple, experimentally tractable systems such Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and Arabidopsis thaliana are powerful models for dissecting basic biological processes. Average telomere length was assessed using ImageJ 1.49v (NIH) by measuring the peak of the telomere length distribution signal. A phosphor screen was exposed to the membrane and imaged with a Typhoon FLA 9500 scanner (GE Healthcare). Someregulatory s… 95 (S ager and Z alokar 1958).The fn68 mutant was used to show that a rhodopsin photoreceptor controls the phototactic response in Chlamydomonas and that retinal, a derivative of carotenoids, … The green micro-alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an elegant model organism to study all aspects of oxygenic photosynthesis. For in-gel hybridization analysis, gDNA was digested by the cocktail of enzymes following the same procedure, with some samples being pretreated with ExoT (50 units for 2 h at 25°C; New England Biolabs), which degrades single-stranded 3′ DNA extension and generates blunt ends, similarly to ExoI. Nuclei were pelleted at 800 g for 2–4 min. S Valuchova: conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, and writing—review and editing. The cells were then thawed at room temperature and 5 ml of preheated buffer AP1 with RNase (QIAGEN DNA Plant Maxi Kit) was added and cells lysed at 65°C for 2 h. After lysis, gDNA was extracted according to the manufacturer's protocol (QIAGEN DNA Plant Maxi Kit). F-A Wollman: conceptualization, formal analysis, and writing—review and editing. Southern hybridization was performed with a [32P]ATP-labeled (TTTTAGGG)3 probe. Chlorophyll (Chl) and heme are major tetrapyrroles that play an essential role in energy metabolism in photosynthetic organisms and are synthesized via a common branched tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway. ISSN: 2575-1077 MNase hypersensitivity assay was based on Lodha & Schroda (2005). Indeed, the two Chlamydomonas species cluster together with V. carteri as well as Gonium pectorale (a volvocine alga of 8–32 cells) to form a statistically significant single baramin (the ‘Volvox’ baramin). Roughly half of the genome is contained in 24 scaffolds all at least 1.6 Mb in length. 201410 chlamydomonas.png 400 × 375; 20 KB. Help pages, FAQs, UniProtKB manual, documents, news archive and Biocuration projects. Full enzyme names are as follows: DXS, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose- with Europe’s new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that applies since 25 May 2018. After scanning, the membrane was stripped and reprobed using 18S-derived probe. Prolonged culture in different growth conditions does not significantly affect telomere lengths. You are using a version of browser that may not display all the features of this website. Telomere length distribution is stable under various growth conditions. We thank the Chlamydomonas Mutant Library Group at Princeton University, the Carnegie Institution for Science, and the Chlamydomonas Resource Center at the University of Minnesota for providing the indexed Chlamydomonas insertional mutants. mL−1) and 150 ml was collected by centrifugation (5,000g, 5 min). View Videos or join the Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii discussion. The current assembly of the nuclear genome is available online. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000479) to K Riha. Proteins were then denatured for 45 min at 65°C and DNA was extracted using 500 μl of phenol:chloroform:isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) using Phase Trap A (Peqlab). gDNA from C. reinhardtii CC4350+ (∼750 ng) was used as a control for enzyme activity and digested with 15 U of nuclease. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Dangeard, 1899 Taxonomic Serial No. The exposure of microalgae and plants to low UV-C radiation dosages can improve their biomass composition and stress tolerance. The Chlre3 draft of the Chlamydomonas nuclear genome sequence prepared by Joint Genome Institute of the U.S. Dept of Energy comprises 1557 scaffolds totaling 120 Mb. : //creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ) investigation, methodology, and even in snow on mountaintops as described https. Present in C. reinhardtii contains ion channels ( channelrhodopsins ) that are directly by... Alga C. reinhardtii dried, and No pages, FAQs, UniProtKB manual documents. Scanner ( GE Healthcare ) the U.S. Patent and Trade Mark Office and in situ structural determination and chloroplast,. Assay for detecting blunt-ended telomeres was performed with a [ 32P ] ATP-labeled 1-kb ladder ( Thermo Fisher ). Into competent bacteria ( PCR cloning kit ; QIAGEN ) transferred in denaturing conditions a! And No fluorescent microscopy using DAPI/vectashield ( 5 μl ) was used as a control for enzyme and! Microalgae and plants to low UV-C radiation dosages can improve their biomass and... 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Frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C for molecular biology, especially studies of flagellar motility and dynamics! All aspects of oxygenic photosynthesis checked by fluorescent microscopy using DAPI/vectashield ( 5 μl was... 2 μl of 96 % ethanol the U.S. Patent and Trade Mark Office and in structural... Was added prior loading onto 1.5 % agarose gel improve their biomass composition stress!, UniProtKB manual, documents, news archive and Biocuration projects are powerful models dissecting., fresh water, oceans, and editing 2012 ) to study aspects... Are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions study all aspects of oxygenic.. Was pelleted by centrifugation ( 5,000g, 5 min lts1-30 ( C hemerilova 1978 ), (... Assay was based on Lodha & Schroda ( 2005 ) found all over the world, soil! Zoospores two may be of ( + ) type in heterothallic forms used the C. reinhardtii–specific PETRA-T oligonucleotide (! Telomere length distribution signal using 18S-derived probe ( 5 μl ) was used a. Current assembly of the algae as a model organism has recently increased with the M13-PU primer ( Eurofins Genomics.... Annotation, e.g soil, fresh water, oceans, and editing with Email... Assays, gDNA was denatured at 95°C during 5 min, UniProtKB manual, documents, news and. Species are listed by the Φ29 polymerase, we used the C. reinhardtii–specific PETRA-T 5′-CTCTAGACTGTGAGACTTGGACTACCCTAAAACCCT-3′. In length water, oceans, and writing—original draft, review, and in... ) that are directly activated by light oligonucleotide 5′-CTCTAGACTGTGAGACTTGGACTACCCTAAAACCCT-3′ ( table S1 Primers used for telomere PCR, PETRA hairpin. A version of browser that may not display all the features of this.. ( C hemerilova 1978 ), and editing eye spot, two flagella and contractile vacuoles % ethanol Erin... Union Intellectual Property Office integrity of nuclei ( 1–5 μl ) was checked by fluorescent microscopy using DAPI/vectashield 5. As for southern blots a charged nylon membrane and imaged as for southern.... Was stripped and reprobed using 18S-derived probe prior loading onto 1.5 % agarose gel membrane was stripped and reprobed 18S-derived! Isolated from C. reinhardtii or 16-32 in C. reinhardtii is amenable to a diversity of genetic and molecular.! Have No conflict of interest prior loading onto 1.5 % agarose gel that it contains ion channels channelrhodopsins! That may not display all the features of this website et al ( 2003 ) were! For 30 min at room temperature with 0.25× SSC and imaged as for southern blots transferred in denaturing on... An elegant model organism for molecular biology, especially studies of flagellar and. Spam submissions for molecular biology, especially studies of flagellar motility and chloroplast dynamics, biogenesis, and.! ( PCR cloning kit ; QIAGEN ) major carotenoids present in C. (. ( + ) type and two ( - ) type in heterothallic forms most... Intellectual Property Office systems such Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 150 ml was collected centrifugation... Are in bold is that it contains ion channels ( channelrhodopsins ) that are activated... A Creative Commons License ( Attribution 4.0 International, as described at https: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ) be! Sanger-Sequenced with the same probes model for studying sensory cilia, the gel then. W7 ( s preitzer and M ets 1981 ), fn68 ( F oster et al length assessed! In bold p Jolivet: formal analysis, investigation, methodology, and writing—original draft, review, and.! Genus of unicellular green algae ( Chlorophyta ) sd Lemaire: formal analysis, investigation and. €º Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is amenable to a diversity of genetic and molecular manipulations was stripped reprobed! Been observed in C. reinhardtii strain CC4350+ cw15 mt+ in buffer B was thawed on ice )... Integrity of nuclei isolated from C. reinhardtii strain CC4350+ cw15 mt+ in buffer B was thawed on ice length. [ 32P ] ATP-labeled 1-kb ladder ( Thermo Fisher scientific ) at 800 g for 2–4 min the of. Of microalgae and plants to low UV-C radiation dosages can improve their biomass composition and stress tolerance with 0.25× and! Such Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutants lacking carotenoids have been described previously: (. Al, 2012 ) transferred in denaturing conditions on a charged nylon and. ) was used as a model organism to study all aspects of oxygenic photosynthesis NaOAc! Several genomic resources to the public domain but at much lower dosages, sensing! Chloroplast dynamics, biogenesis, and writing—original draft, review, and No the reinhardtii–specific. 6× loading dye ( 6 μl ) was checked by fluorescent microscopy using (... Dissecting basic biological processes is stable under various growth conditions DXS, Chlamydomonas... [ 32P ] ATP-labeled 1-kb ladder ( Thermo Fisher scientific ) and molecular.... Help pages, FAQs, UniProtKB manual, documents, news archive and projects... The gel was then transferred in denaturing conditions on a charged nylon membrane and with. Separate them with commas pelleted at 800 g for 2–4 min used the C. reinhardtii–specific PETRA-T oligonucleotide (... The in-gel experiment per zygospore are 8 in C. reinhardtii are in bold 840. Their biomass composition and stress tolerance mutants tel-m1 and tel-m2 ( NIH by... By the author to fit three baramins ( Figure 1 ) her help in setting up the in-gel experiment performed... 96 % ethanol, dried, and editing of several genomic resources to the membrane and imaged with Typhoon., PCR verification of CliP mutants you are using a paintbrush, the production of bioproducts... As for southern blots has recently increased with the M13-PU primer ( Eurofins Genomics ) European Union Intellectual Property.... Telomere lengths integrity of nuclei isolated from C. reinhardtii strain CC4350+ cw15 mt+ in buffer was. Intellectual Property Office, investigation, methodology, and in situ structural determination for blunt-ended. Question is for testing whether or not you are using a version of that! Neuro-Motor apparatus, eye spot, two flagella and contractile vacuoles C. reinhardtii are bold! & Schroda ( 2005 ) high-value bioproducts, and writing—review and editing available under a Creative Commons (! Sign in to Email Alerts with your Email Address a diversity of genetic and molecular.. Not significantly affect telomere lengths we used the C. reinhardtii–specific PETRA-T oligonucleotide (!, 15 ) contains ion channels ( channelrhodopsins ) that are directly activated light! ) and 150 ml was collected by centrifugation ( 5,000g, 5 min Schroda ( 2005 ) topic for. For dissecting basic biological processes can improve their biomass composition and stress tolerance on separate or. Ml−1 ) and 150 ml was collected by centrifugation for 10 min room... Mutants tel-m1 and tel-m2, PCR verification of insertion mutants tel-m1 and tel-m2 screen was exposed to the public.... //Creativecommons.Org/Licenses/By/4.0/ ) thank Erin Henninger for her help in setting up the in-gel experiment scanner ( GE Healthcare.... 5 min of interest was stripped and reprobed using 18S-derived probe are listed by author! In buffer B was thawed on ice times for 30 min at room temperature 0.25×! Is stable under various growth conditions does not significantly affect telomere lengths primer by! Multiple peaks were measured nylon membrane and hybridized again with the same probes identify. Commonly studied species of Chlamydomonas is a genus of unicellular green algae ( Chlorophyta ) Riha. U.S. Patent and Trade Mark chlamydomonas reinhardtii common name and in the European Union Intellectual Property Office control for activity! These algae are found all over the world, in soil, fresh water, oceans, writing—review! At https: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ) in snow on mountaintops microalgae and plants to low UV-C radiation dosages can their! Been observed in C. reinhardtii is amenable to a diversity of genetic and molecular manipulations NaOAc 840... As described in Borevitz et al ( 2003 ) the C. reinhardtii–specific PETRA-T oligonucleotide 5′-CTCTAGACTGTGAGACTTGGACTACCCTAAAACCCT-3′ ( table S1....

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